Grooving-plane and analogous woodworking-tool for grooving, rabbeting, beading, and the like.



J. S. HOWKINS.

GROOVING PLANE AND ANALOGOUS WDODWORKING TOOL FOR GROOVING,RABBETING, HEADING,

AND THE LIKE.

. APPucATlon msn MAY23.1914.

1 153 '790. Patentedsept.14,1915. N 9 -v Y 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1. nnnnnnunn E WTR@ CoLuMmA PLANounAPM co.,wAsmNGTON. D. c.

J. S. HOWKINS. GROOVING PLANE AND ANALOGOUS WOODWORKING TOOL FOR GRO0V|NG, RABBETING, BEADING,

4 SHETS-SHEE1 2.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

Ez-ave? y Uz 5, KOH/L 2G AND THE LIKE. APrucATloN FILED MAY 23. m4.

J. S. HOWKINS. GROOVING PLANE AND ANALOGOUS WOODWORKING TOOL FOR GROOVING, RABBETING, BEADiNG,

AND THE LIKE. APPLlCATION FILED MAY 23. 1914.

COLUMBIA PLANGGRAPH co,.wAsmNTON, D. c.

.l S HOWKINS GROOVING PLANE AND ANALOGOUS WOODWORKING TOOL FOR GROOVING, RABBETING, BEADING,

AND THE LIKE. APPLICAUON FILED MM23.|9|4.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Patented Sept. 14, 1915.

COLUMNA PLANOURAPH co.. WASHINGTON, D. c.

mais erre rarnisr JOHN SHIRLEY HOWKINS, OF EULI-IAM, LONDON, ENGLAND.

GROOVING-PLANE AND ANALOGOUS WOODWGRKING-TOOL lFOR (rPtOOllWC'r,v RABBET- ING, BEADING, AND THE LIKE.

Lisi-mee.

Application filed May 23, 1914.

T0 ZZ 107mm t may concern Be it known that I, JOHN SHIRLEY How,l

iiiNs, a sub'ect of the Kino' oic Great Britain residing at ll() Waldemar Mansions, W'aldeinar avenue, Fulham, S. W., in the county ol London, England, have invented certain new and useful improvements in or Relating to Growing-Planes and Analogous. Woodworking-Tools for Grooving, Rabbeting, Beading, and the like, of which the following is a specilication.

rlhis invention has reference to groovinfg planes and analogous wood working tools Jor grooving, rabbeting, beading, inlaying and the like.

One of the objects of theinvention is to provide a tool which can be used to produce directly a well-finished groove across the grain ot either hard. or sott wood, in suoli a way that the groove as it is formed will have smooth sides, and so that the tool can work up to the end of the groove, which willv as produced besquare or nearly so, and require little or no finishing..

A vfurther object is to produce a. tool which can be used for any'ot the above purposes, and in which` a large number ot adjustments of the tool are possible. These adjustments may be such as to enable theV cutters or tools to be inclined more or less both transversely and alsov longitudinally with regard te the tool. By meansV ot the sidewise or transverse inclination of the cutters, grooves having their walls inclined to ene side or ther other or undercut. or resembling dovetails, can be produced it desired. @n the other hand by. varying the inclination of the cutters longitudinallyv (that isto say in aforWard-or backward direction), their action canibe better suit-ed tor different kinds of works on which the tool isbeing used.

According to the invention, theA tool,v

which in general appearance resembles a carpenters plow or beading plane, may have its cutters termed in twopiecesor lengths tips ot' which. form `a pair of: sharp spursV or teethV projecting,.down.trom.or near the Specification of Letters Patent. Patntd SGD@ 14g pg 15.

Serial No. 840,575.

corners of the top rchisel and serving as scribers or cutters to cut the edges of the layer or shaving which is. tobe removed by the top cutter or planeiron.

The two cutters may be mounted adjfustably in a slide or carrier. which itselt can be raised or lowered in relation to the bottom face of the plane or plow, and means may be provided to enable their slopey inclination in the direction of working to be varied as desired., .In addition to this the under-portion or tace of the latter may, near each end, be attached to the body portion by pivots, sev that the body and. underneath.- portion or working-face can be canted or swivelY sidewise, yand thus. produce grooves or rabbets` whicliareinclined to one side or the other,A or grooves or dovetails having their sides oppositely inclined..

The spurs previously referredv to may be formed at the endof a piece ot steel ot' triangular section having `its lower end tapered @El and, recessed. out between the spur points.v rllhesetwo spur points or cutters may however. be formed. ony separate pieces or bars otfsteelfwhichf when lit-ted inf the tool may be laid side byside` or one above the other each. carryingone of the said spurs or side cutters, the main cutterv or groovingA swiveling head or carrier. Fig. 2 is a plan,

and Fig. atront end: view thereof. Fig. l is a vertical. section through the tools or cutters and. their carrien block, taken longitudinally yot the tool'sFig. 5 being a sectiontransversely to the toolson the line 5 5 ot Figi., Fig..6 is# an elevation of' the carrier block,. as seen from the. top lett' hand corner. Eigs. 7 to lli are detailjviews hereinatterf` referred to. `Figs. 15, 16'and-17are vievvscorrespondin to Figs. l', 2,andL3 but showing-,a modifie 'construction of. tool in.

' can be swung or inclined Sidewise ori transwhich the cutters are carried in an inclined rest or holder pivoted to the front of the frame. Fig. 18 lis aV detail section of a clamping device hereinafter referred to,

taken on the'line 18-'-18 of Fig. 15.

According to the example shown in Figs. l to le, the, body of the plow is approximatelyL-shaped in cross-section, the vertical portion a carrying the adjustable toolslide b which engages vertical guides a? thereon, while the horizontal portion al forms the working face. This plow body a is at its front and rear'ends, mounted on pivots formed'by screw-threaded pins a3,

working in bearings t4 on the base a", thisY Vbase extending 'from end to endV like that of' an ordinary plane. Thus the plow body versely morer orless as desiredas indicated by the chain lines Fig. 8. A To facilitate this,

Va late 'a5 with a` segmentV slot a, is ar' ranged near the front pivot, and the bentround. front a8 of the plow body carries a clamping screw 0:7 engaging (in the manner usual in such devices) in the slot a to per,-v

' mit of fixing the'body at the desired angle `give a yielding pressure sufficient to keep a good Contact against the'guides a2, butrnotV` enough to impede the vertical adjusting action ofthe slide b itself. The latter is adjusted vertically in any convenient way. In the present example this is effected by a traversing screw c adapted to be rotated by a nut c1 or it may be by a ratchet device or otherwise) and engaging in a projection orV nut Zi"v on the slide The said slide Z9 may be further guidedby a projection or tongue piece engaging in a groove parallel with the screw c, as indicated at c?. ci and (Z1 Vare the working tools or cutters, the front or upper ofV which cl'vhas either a square or slanting edge while therlower one d1 ,has

lateral cutting tips or prongs d2 at itsf'for- Y ward or lower-V corners to cut the edges of Vleo the shaving producedfby the upper cutter, as before indicated. These prongs d2 during the working of the tool,.produce the smooth side walls of the groove or rabbet, asV

required. Only one prong might be used in some cases. The lower cutter Z1 Vacts as a backing or support for the thinner top cutter d, and maybe formed of steel rod of triangular section as seen respectively in plan. side view and end-view in Figs. 12,13.

and 14. The said cutters Z Z1 are secured in a hollow block or holder e extending laterally from the slide, and areV clamped Y tight lby a. movable yoke-piece f as shown separately in Figs. l0 and 11. Y The yoke is Y operated by a screw f1 and nut f2. tj works inside the projection and is adapted under the Vaction of the nut f2 to draw the said ktools tightly upV against the top f3 of an inclinednmouth or opening extending across such projection orf holder. Adjustable stops such as Ynuts Z3 working on screws d?, -are provided to regulate the amount by which the cutters clY Z1 project from the holder, and'to enable them to be adjusted relatively to each other as-regards theirv overlap. Vlin the example shown, the projecting bracket piece or holder e (see Figs.

4: Vto 6') is separate from the slide b fand is mountedon a. swiveling pin or pivotalL to enable it to be adjusted to vary the'inclina- Vtion of the cutters in aV longitudinal direction, and then these latter., for some classesV of work, may be broughtinto a vertical orVY nearly vertical position. The .particular angle or adjustment is regulated by apair of clamping bolts such as e2 working in segmental slots@3 in the wel-l. known manner. The tool is provided with a handle r/ at its rear end, and may have lugs 7L. at eachen'd Y to receive cross-bars or 'fence bars 71,1 in the,

well known way with tools of this type. .'To

facilitate adjustment of these bars, the lugsV may (see section shown in Fig. 7) have bars project.

ing arrangement. By means of the screw c the slideb'and with it the cutters d dl are fed downward gradually as the groovebe-V To conveniently comes .deeper and deeper. determine the final depth of the groove, an

transverse screw-bolts 72,2 with recesses 71,3 Y in their sides into Awhich ythe sides of the` Then by tightening ,up the V nuts of the bolts, the walls of the recess jam against the bars and providea securelock- V adjusting screw b3 is fitted in a lug 'b4 in Y' one corner of the slide Z). This screw is so` adjusted that it will come againstV a stop or lug fr on the part as'of the body of the tool, and prevent further downward'feeding of depth is'reached.

Referring now to the example shown in Figs. 15 to 18 thisl comprises a' tool having Vthe slide Z) when theproper predetermined an inclined front edge forming the cutter'- 4 holder (e) provided with a yoke-piecefi'n which the adj ustable cutters Z d1 are'clainped by a set-,screw f1 in front of the tool. lIn this case the cutting tools rest on Va backing iron or support Z5 resting onV V -shaped bearersV e4 in the holder e, while ythe screw f1 acts against a clamping piece z' which fitson'the cutter cl and has lugs X embracing the latter. Y

Similarly lugs al on the saidpiece/CZ5 fit Y. l againstv the edges of d, and-UZ1 and keep them in position. The piece d5 inturnworks inY the aforesaid inclined piece e and is adjustable by a traversing screw c, sojasto vary* Cil the depth of the cut and to feed the tool down into the work as the groove deepens. Independent adjustment of the front tool d may be effected by a set-screw ZS arranged as shown in a lug at the top of the slide (Z5. In addition to this, the front portion e of the tool, may be arranged so that it can be set to different angles in a longitudinal direction by being mounted on a hinge or pivot el provided with a suitable fixing device, such as a curved segmental slotted wing 2 and a clamping screw arrangement 3. The working face or bottom plate al of the tool, may be arranged as before to pivot on a longitudinal axis, between a pair of pointed pivot-screws a ai to enable inclined grooves to be cut. Any convenient means, such as a screw al engaging a segmental slot a in a plate c may be provided, as before, to fix the working face and body of the tool in their relative positions of adjustment or inclination.

Obviously the invention may be modified in various ways in carrying the same into practice without departing from the general nature thereof.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is l. In a grooving plane or the like, having a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of a planing iron or cutter tool set at an incline like that of an ordinary plane, slide or carrier to support the same, side cutters or spurs immediately below the cutting edge of the tool and means for feeding said tool down below the working face of the plane to any desired depth. within the range of adjustment, substantially as described.

2. In a grooving plane or the like, having a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of an inclined planing tool or cutter, a slide or carrier to support the same, means for feeding the tool down into the work, and one or more side cutters separate from the tool itself, having spurs for cutting the walls of the groove or recess, such spurs being arranged just below the cutting edge of the tool, substantially as described.

3. In a grooving plane or the like, having a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of an inclined planing tool or iron for forming the groove or recess, one or more side cutters just below and behind the same having spurs for acting on the walls of suoli groove or recess, means for clamping the two kinds of cutters together, a slide or holder for carrying the two kinds of tools, and a traversing screw for feeding them down below the face of the plane simultaneously to any desired depth within the range of adjustment, substantially as described.

t. In a grooving plane or the like provided with a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of a planing iron or cutters to form the groove or recess, a side cutter for acting on the walls of said groove or recess, an adjustable cutter-holder inwhich said cutters are secured, a pivot or hinge for said holder, and means for adjusting the inclination of the holder in a longitudinal direction in the plane of the tool, substantially as described.

5. In a grooving plane or the like provided with a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of a planing iron or cutter to form the groove or recess, a side cutter for acting on the walls of said groove or recess, an adjustable cutter-holder in which said cutters are secured, and means for inclining the cutters sidewise for undercut grooving or dovetailing, substantially as described.

6. In a grooving plane or the like provided with a working face of the ordinary kind, the combination of a planing iron or cutter to form the groove or recess, a side cutter for acting on the walls of said groove or recess, an adjustable cutter-holder in which said cutters are secured means for adjusting the inclination of the tools in a longitudinal direction, and means for adjusting their inclination in a sidewise direction, substantially as described.

7. In a grooving plane or the like, the combination of a plane iron for forming the recess, a cutter for acting on the walls of said recess, a vertically movable slide mounted on guides on the body of said plane or the like, a swiveling tool holder mounted on said slide, and means for firmly clamping the cutters together in said tool holder, substantially as described.

8. In a grooving plane or the like, the combination of a plane-iron for forming the recess, a cutter for acting on the walls of said recess, a. vertically movable slide mounted on guides on the body of said plane or the like, a swiveling tool holder mounted on said slide, pivots at the end of the plane body and near the working face, on which the said body can swivel to alter the sidewi se inclination of the tools, substantially as described. Y

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN SHIRLEY HOVKINS.

Witnesses:

C. BARNARD BURDoN, O. J. WORTH.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

si.I 

